First Release

Year: LVIII.
Zagreb, 24 May 2021
KUL-2021-4-1

ISSN 1334-0557

CINEMATOGRAPHY, 2020

In 2020, there were 75 cinemas operating. Out of the total number of permanent cinemas, 46 were equipped with one screen and 22 with more screens. There were 18 autonomous cinemas and 57 cinemas that were parts of other business entities, as follows: 11 of them operated as parts of film showing companies, 34 as parts of cultural/educational institutions (homes of culture, public and open universities, etc.) and 12 as parts of other institutions/companies.

Impact of the pandemic crisis on the operation of cinemas

Due to the closure of all cultural/educational institutions in 2020, the largest number of cinemas, as much as 51%, operated from seven to ten months in 2020. Compared to 2019, the number of screenings decreased by 48% and attendance by 70%. At the county level, there was a significant drop in the number of screenings and attendance, except in the County of Karlovac, where the number of screenings and attendance increased compared to 2019.

It is interesting to note that the opposite trend prevailed in open-air cinemas, of which there are six in the Republic of Croatia. They had 108% more screenings and 53% more visitors than in 2019. It is evident that, in these circumstances, due to epidemiological measures, a lot more visitors chose to watch films outdoors. Furthermore, exceptionally in this year of the pandemic, five cinemas with permanent screens, in addition to their standard indoor screenings, had guest open-air screenings.

The share of screenings and attendance of domestic films in 2020 was 2%.

Significant decline in ticket sale revenue

In addition to the decrease in screenings and attendance, projectionists had a significant decline in ticket sale revenue in 2020. The total gross revenue was 70% lower in 2020 than in the previous year.

Open-air and mobile cinemas had the lowest decline in ticket sale revenue, where the decline amounted to 11% compared to 2019.

Furthermore, a significant decline is noticeable in alternative content in cinemas, such as ballets, operas, concerts, and a drastic decline in revenue from such content, which generated only 19% of revenue compared to the previous year.

The decline in revenue inevitably caused a decline in the number of persons in employment in cinemas in 2020, of 14% compared to the previous year.

G-1 CINEMAS, BY COUNTIES, 2020

1 CINEMAS, SEATS, SCREENINGS, ATTENDANCE AND PERSONS IN EMPLOYMENT, BY COUNTIES, 2020

County of Cinemas Screens Seats Number of screenings Attendance Persons in employment
Total Of that, full-time 
Republic of Croatia   75   174  34 303  99 106 1 503 306   451   390
Zagreb   3   4   838  1 036  24 121   14   14
Krapina-Zagorje   1   1   234   113  2 081   3   2
Sisak-Moslavina   4   4  1 308   473  12 808   29   29
Karlovac   2   2   609   136  5 378   4   4
Varaždin   3   8  1 162  4 390  60 223   9   9
Koprivnica-Križevci   1   1   192   755  11 112   4   4
Bjelovar-Bilogora   2   2   433   677  20 718   10   10
Primorje-Gorski kotar   8   17  3 758  7 429  125 413   48   45
Lika-Senj   2   2   467   111  4 072   6   6
Virovitica-Podravina   1   2   316   271  4 696   7   7
Požega-Slavonia   1   1   290   87  1 233   9   1
Slavonski Brod-Posavina   1   4   512  3 353  31 528   6   6
Zadar   1   6   980  5 049  49 176   5   5
Osijek-Baranja   5   13  2 536  8 765  95 115   23   22
Šibenik-Knin   2   6   857  4 378  31 209   7   6
Vukovar-Sirmium   1   3   419  2 539  16 595   6   6
Split-Dalmatia   15   33  6 105  17 046  236 612   86   51
Istria   6   8  1 793  3 914  68 240   23   18
Dubrovnik-Neretva   6   8  2 425  3 401  45 003   43   37
Međimurje   2   2   426   419  9 459   25   24
City of Zagreb   8   47  8 643  34 764  648 514   84   84

2 CINEMAS, BY TYPE, ORGANISATIONAL FRAME AND NUMBER OF SCREENS, 2020

   Cinemas By organisational frame Number of screens
Total Digitised Autonomous As part of
Film showing companies Cultural/ educational institutions Other institutions/ companies
Total 75 75 18 11 34 12 174
Permanent, with one screen 46 46 7 2 27 10 46
Permanent, with more screens 22 22 10 9 3 - 122
Open-air 6 6 1 - 4 1 6
Mobile 1 1 - - - 1 -

3 CINEMAS, BY TYPE AND NUMBER OF MONTHS WHEN SCREENINGS WERE SHOWN, 2020

    Total Cinemas, by months when screenings were shown
Occasionally 2 months and less 3 – 4 5 – 6 7 – 8 9 – 10 11 During whole year
Total 75 - 3 8 5 24 14 7 14
Permanent, with one screen 46 - 1 5 5 8 12 5 10
Permanent, with more screens 22 - - - - 15 1 2 4
Open-air 6 - 2 3 - - 1 - -
Mobile 1 - - - - 1 - - -

4 CINEMAS, BY TYPE AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF SCREENINGS PER WEEK, 2020

   Total Cinemas, by average number of screenings per week
1 – 3 4 – 10 11 – 20 21 – 40 41 – 100 101 – 200 201 and more
Total 75 28 23 5 3 4 6 6
Permanent, with one screen 46 23 18 3 2 - - -
Permanent, with more screens 22 1 3 1 1 4 6 6
Open-air 6 3 2 1 - - - -
Mobile 1 1 - - - - - -

5 CINEMAS, BY TYPE, NUMBER OF SEATS, SCREENINGS AND ATTENDANCE, 2020

   Cinemas Seats Number of screenings Attendance
Total Domestic films Foreign films Total Domestic films Foreign films
Total   75  34 303  99 106  2 422  96 648 1 503 306  31 953 1 471 353
Permanent, with one screen   46  11 876  9 031   549  8 482  211 914  13 168  198 746
Permanent, with more screens   22  20 636  89 189  1 802  87 348 1 253 869  14 843 1 239 026
Open-air   6  1 791   822   56   766  33 295  3 177  30 118
Mobile   1 -   64   15   49  4 228   765  3 463

5.1 CINEMAS WITH OCCASIONAL OPEN-AIR SCREENINGS, 2020

   Cinemas Number of locations Number of screenings Attendance
Total   5   24   31  2 960
Permanent, with one screen   3   20   27  2 562
Permanent, with more screens   2   4   4   398

6 CINEMAS, BY NUMBER OF SEATS, 2020

Cinemas Number of seats
100 and less 101 – 200 201 – 300 301 – 400 401 – 500 501 – 600 601 – 1 000 1 001 – 1 500 1 501 – 2 000 2 001 and more
74 5 13 21 10 6 5 7 3 3 1
  Structure, %
100 7 18 28 14 8 7 9 4 4 1

7 CINEMAS, BY TYPE, PERSONS IN EMPLOYMENT BY SEX AND WORKING TIME, PROJECTIONISTS AND VOLUNTEERS, 2020

   Persons in employment Full-time  Volunteers
Total Of that Total Of that
Women Projectionists Women Projectionists
Total 451 240 74 390 219 69 41
Permanent, with one screen 233 113 49 189 95 45 27
Permanent, with more screens 179 114 20 177 114 19 -
Open-air 34 12 5 19 9 5 11
Mobile 5 1 - 5 1 - 3

8 CINEMAS AND CINEMA PROJECTORS, BY TYPE AND YEAR OF PRODUCTION, 2020

   Cinemas by number of projectors Projectors
Total With one projector With two projectors With three or more projectors Total By film width By year of production
16 mm 35 mm 70 mm Digital Until 1990 1991 – 2010 2011 – 2019
Total 75 36 17 22 208 2 22 - 184 9 38 161
Permanent, with one screen 46 30 11 5 72 2 18 - 52 9 14 49
Permanent, with more screens 22 1 4 17 127 - 4 - 123 - 23 104
Open-air 6 5 1 - 7 - - - 7 - 1 6
Mobile 1 - 1 - 2 - - - 2 - - 2

9 TICKET SALE REVENUE, COMPARISON OF 2019 AND 2020

   Ticket sale revenue, 2019 Ticket sale revenue, 2020 Share of ticket sale revenue in 2020 compared to 2019 (%)
Regular cinema content Alternative content, gross Regular cinema content Alternative content, gross revenue Regular cinema content Alternative content, gross
Gross Net Gross Net Gross revenue Net revenue
Total 160 365 123 152 799 361 1 351 524 47 474 883 45 219 145  252 302 29,6 29,6 18,7
Permanent, with one screen 11 735 344 11 179 741  561 286 4 275 031 4 085 886  39 119 36,4 36,5 7
Permanent, with more screens 147 832 398 140 860 226  790 238 42 573 429 40 537 756  208 758 28,8 28,8 26,4
Open-air and mobile  797 381  759 394 -  626 423  595 503  4 425 78,6 78,4 -

10 FILMS AND VIDEO FILMS PROVIDED, BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, 2020

   Films − total1) Country of origin
Croatia Czech Republic France Ireland Italy Canada Netherlands Germany Norveška USA Spain Switzerland United Kingdom Other countries
Film distributors 797 21 4 108 4 20 20 2 35 16 350 17 2 74 1242)
Video film distributors 1 377 478 125 72 28 17 64 79 71 14 222 7 15 67 1183)

1) Data refer to all films provided in 2020, irrespective of when rights for their commercial exploitation have been bought.
2) Other countries: Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, China, Greece, Hong Kong – China, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Thailand and Turkey.
3) Other countries: Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Denmark, Finland, Hong Kong – China, Iceland, Iran, Japan, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea and Sweden.

NOTES ON METHODOLOGY

Sources and methods of data collection

Data are the result of the processing of annual reports filled in by cinemas on the KINO-1 form, the Annual Report on Film Production, by business entities engaged in the distribution of films on the KINO-5 form, the Annual Report on the Distribution of Feature Films and publishers of video works on the NKL-5/1 form, the Annual Report on Audio-Visual Works.

Coverage and comparability

The statistical survey covers cinemas, business entities engaged in turnover/distribution of films and publishers of video works. Data are comparable to those from previous years.

Definitions and explanations

Cinema is an auditorium or an open-air space equipped with facilities for public showing of films.

Permanent cinemas show films in a permanent auditorium equipped with a cinema projector, film screen and seats.

Open-air cinemas show films on a permanent open-air space.

Mobile cinemas do not have a fixed auditorium, but show films at their headquarters or outside of it, either in an auditorium or at an open-air space.

Cinema show is a public screening of a film programme, a projection of a feature film, with or without an addition, lasting for approximately 120 minutes.

Film production companies and TV centres produce feature and short films independently or in co-production.

Audio-visual works (films and video films) are cinematographic or similar works that are filmed by using a method corresponding to cinematography, irrespective of the filming technique and contents.

Territorial constitution

Data by counties are presented according to the Act on the Territories of Counties, Towns and Municipalities in the Republic of Croatia (NN, No. 86/06, 125/06, 16/07, 95/08, 46/10, 145/10, 37/13, 44/13, 45/13 and 110/15) with the situation as on 31 December 2020.

 

Abbreviations

mm millimetre
NN Narodne novine, official gazette of the Republic of Croatia
USA United States of America

Symbols

- no occurrence

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